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Wednesday, June 29, 2011

Some Basics about Computer for Starters


Computer
Picture
Personal Computer
      A computer is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and manipulates data , and provides output in a useful format.In other words a computer is a digital electronic alpha-numeric data processing machine in which we can input data, the computer will process it and give us an output.

Digital
  Computers are digital machines because they can only read information as two signals-on or off. These are called digital signals and tightly related to the binary numbers 1 and 0. Any data inside a computer is in the form of combinations of 1s and 0s and will be converted to on and off signals respectively for the devices to identify it. This method of computation, also known as the binary system.

Data
The term data refers to groups of information or a collection of numbers, characters, images or other outputs from devices that collect information to convert physical quantities into symbols, that are unprocessed.

Continued...

Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Windows XP Commands and Usage

ASSOC      Displays or modifies file extension associations.
AT       Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
ATTRIB     Displays or changes file attributes.
BREAK      Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
CACLS     Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
CALL      Calls one batch program from another.
CD       Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHCP        Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHDIR     Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHKDSK     Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHKNTFS     Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
CLS      Clears the screen.
CMD      Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
COLOR     Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
COMP      Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COMPACT     Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
CONVERT     Converts FAT volumes to NTFS.  You cannot convert the
         current drive.
COPY     Copies one or more files to another location.
DATE     Displays or sets the date.
DEL       Deletes one or more files.
DIR       Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
DISKCOMP     Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
DISKCOPY      Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
DOSKEY      Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.
ECHO       Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
ENDLOCAL     Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
ERASE      Deletes one or more files.
EXIT      Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
FC       Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences
         between them.
FIND     Searches for a text string in a file or files.
FINDSTR     Searches for strings in files.
FOR      Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
FORMAT     Formats a disk for use with Windows.
FTYPE      Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.
GOTO      Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a
         batch program.
GRAFTABL    Enables Windows to display an extended character set in graphics
         mode.
HELP      Provides Help information for Windows commands.
IF        Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
LABEL    Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
MD       Creates a directory.
MKDIR    Creates a directory.
MODE     Configures a system device.
MORE     Displays output one screen at a time.
MOVE     Moves one or more files from one directory to another directory.
PATH       Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PAUSE    Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
POPD     Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.
PRINT    Prints a text file.
PROMPT   Changes the Windows command prompt.
PUSHD    Saves the current directory then changes it.
RD       Removes a directory.
RECOVER     Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
REM      Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
REN      Renames a file or files.
RENAME     Renames a file or files.
REPLACE    Replaces files.
RMDIR      Removes a directory.
SET         Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
SETLOCAL    Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
SHIFT      Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
SORT       Sorts input.
START    Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
SUBST    Associates a path with a drive letter.
TIME     Displays or sets the system time.
TITLE    Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
TREE     Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path.
TYPE      Displays the contents of a text file.
VER       Displays the Windows version.
VERIFY     Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written
         correctly to a disk.
VOL      Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
XCOPY     Copies files and directory trees.

Something About Torrents

Torrents :

Torrent is a small file (around few kilobytes) with the suffix .torrent, which contains all the information needed to download a file the torrent was made for. That means it contains file names, their sizes, where to download from and so on. You can get torrents for almost anything on lots of web sites and torrent search engines(For Eg: torrentz.com).

Torrent is the most popular way of downloading large files, including movies and games (remember legality of downloading). Anyway, to download anything through a torrent you need a torrent client, which is a small software that you need to install on your computer(Eg: BitTorrent). The original BitTorrent client was written in Python and it has been made open-source. Thanks to that, we have a large variety of torrent clients today. Just choose which one you like.
Downloading with a torrent is advantageous especially when downloading files which are momentarily very popular and which lots of people are downloading.Because the torrent is different from the typical method of downloading files from a centralized computer(called server) to our computer(called client). Instead, torrent downloads proceeds using different computers(called peers) on the Internet which holds different pieces of the original file. Servers called trackers will connect our computer to these peers and start downloading pieces of the original file from the peers simultaneously(if possible). This will increase the downloading speed rather than downloading from a single server. Also remember that after we download some part of the file we too is a peer and start sharing our part to others.That is when more people download the file, the higher speed for everyone.

Top Rated Torrent Search Engines
Top Rated Torrent Client Softwares